Enhancing Urban Drainage in Coastal Cities: A Simulation-Based Assessment of Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Resilience
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51903/ks8maj14Keywords:
Urban Drainage Resilience, Nature-Based Solutions (NBS), Hydraulic Simulation, Coastal Cities, Climate AdaptationAbstract
Climate change is now fully expressed through extreme rainfall and sea-level rise, and it is a major threat to coastal cities globally. Additionally, the exhaustion of urbanization makes the situation even more difficult. Conventional drainage systems are overburdened by the rising demand; thus, Nature-Based Solutions offer a way to build systemic resilience which is characterized by the restoration of natural hydrological functions. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the role of integrated NBS in the improvement of hydraulic performance in the drainage of tropical coastal cities. In this regard, we conduct a systematic literature review alongside scenario-based simulations using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) which is supplied with synthetic data that reflects a typical tropical coastal city. The findings suggest that a distributed network of bioswales, rain gardens, and permeable pavements may decrease the peak discharge and total runoff volume by 28.8% and 29.0% respectively, these changes involving to a great extent infiltration enhancement and time to peak delay. Hence, this research provides a quantifiable, conceptual basis that is applicable to the field of urban planners and engineers as a means of warranting the trend of NBS as an essential part of the living adaptations in jeopardized coastal urban zones.
Downloads
References
Barker, A., Garcia-Blanco, G., Garcia, I., & Aguirre-Such, A. (2024). The role of strategic planning in Nature- based Solutions (NBS) transformation: An evaluation of the Green Cities Framework in mainstreaming NBS in 6 European countries. Nature-Based Solutions, 6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100157
Berman, M., Baztan, J., Kofinas, G., Vanderlinden, J. P., Chouinard, O., Huctin, J. M., Kane, A., Mazé, C., Nikulkina, I., & Thomson, K. (2020). Adaptation to climate change in coastal communities: findings from seven sites on four continents. Climatic Change, 159(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02571-x
Bianciardi, A., Becattini, N., & Cascini, G. (2023). How would nature design and implement nature-based solutions? Nature-Based Solutions, 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbsj.2022.100047
Chairat, S., & Gheewala, S. H. (2024). The conceptual quantitative assessment framework for Nature-based Solutions (NbS). In Nature-Based Solutions (Vol. 6). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100152
Chu, E., Brown, A., Michael, K., Du, J., Lwasa, S., & Mahendra, A. (2022). “Unlocking the potential for transformative climate adaptation in cities”: From the global commission on adaptation (2021). In The Sustainable Urban Development Reader (pp. 86–90). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003288718-20
D’Ambrosio, R., Longobardi, A., & Schmalz, B. (2023). SuDS as a climate change adaptation strategy: Scenario-based analysis for an urban catchment in northern Italy. Urban Climate, 51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101596
Debele, S. E., Leo, L. S., Kumar, P., Sahani, J., Ommer, J., Bucchignani, E., Vranić, S., Kalas, M., Amirzada, Z., Pavlova, I., Shah, M. A. R., Gonzalez-Ollauri, A., & Di Sabatino, S. (2023). Nature-based solutions can help reduce the impact of natural hazards: A global analysis of NBS case studies. Science of the Total Environment, 902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165824
Diana, D., & Angga Mukti, A. (2025). AI-Driven Digital Twin for Predictive Maintenance in Urban Infrastructure: Enhancing Structural Resilience and Sustainability. Civil Engineering Science and Technology (CEST), 1(1). https://doi.org/10.51903/3c72e647
García Sánchez, F., & Govindarajulu, D. (2023). Integrating blue-green infrastructure in urban planning for climate adaptation: Lessons from Chennai and Kochi, India. Land Use Policy, 124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106455
Gargiulo, C., Battarra, R., & Tremiterra, M. R. (2020). Coastal areas and climate change: A decision support tool for implementing adaptation measures. Land Use Policy, 91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104413
Goonesekera, S. M., & Olazabal, M. (2022). Climate adaptation indicators and metrics: State of local policy practice. Ecological Indicators, 145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109657
Gupta, K. (2020). Challenges in developing urban flood resilience in India. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 378(2168). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0211
Kabisch, N., Frantzeskaki, N., & Hansen, R. (2022). Principles for urban nature-based solutions. Ambio, 51(6), 1388–1401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-021-01685-w
Kumar, P., Debele, S. E., Sahani, J., Aragão, L., Barisani, F., Basu, B., Bucchignani, E., Charizopoulos, N., Di Sabatino, S., Domeneghetti, A., Edo, A. S., Finér, L., Gallotti, G., Juch, S., Leo, L. S., Loupis, M., Mickovski, S. B., Panga, D., Pavlova, I., … Zieher, T. (2020). Towards an operationalisation of nature-based solutions for natural hazards. In Science of the Total Environment (Vol. 731). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138855
Kwon, S. H., Lee, W. J., Kang, J. H., & Jun, H. (2025). Incorporating Pipe Age and Sizes into Pipe Roughness Coefficient Estimation for Urban Flood Modeling: A Scenario-Based Roughness Approach. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17177989
Laino, E., & Iglesias, G. (2023). Extreme climate change hazards and impacts on European coastal cities: A review. In Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (Vol. 184). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.113587
Lemes de Oliveira, F. (2025). Nature in nature-based solutions in urban planning. In Landscape and Urban Planning (Vol. 256). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105282
McClymont, K., Fernandes Cunha, D. G., Maidment, C., Ashagre, B., Vasconcelos, A. F., Batalini de Macedo, M., Nóbrega dos Santos, M. F., Gomes Júnior, M. N., Mendiondo, E. M., Barbassa, A. P., Rajendran, L., & Imani, M. (2020). Towards urban resilience through Sustainable Drainage Systems: A multi-objective optimisation problem. Journal of Environmental Management, 275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111173
Mohammadiun, S., Yazdi, J., Hager, J., Salehi Neyshabouri, S. A. A., Sadiq, R., Hewage, K., & Alavi Gharahbagh, A. (2020). Effects of bottleneck blockage on the resilience of an urban stormwater drainage system. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 65(2), 281–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2019.1690657
Mugume, S. N., Kibibi, H., Sorensen, J., & Butler, D. (2024). Can Blue-Green Infrastructure enhance resilience in urban drainage systems during failure conditions? Water Science and Technology, 89(4), 915–944. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.032
Nelson, D. R., Bledsoe, B. P., Ferreira, S., & Nibbelink, N. P. (2020). Challenges to realizing the potential of nature-based solutions. In Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability (Vol. 45, pp. 49–55). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2020.09.001
O’Donoghue, S., Lehmann, M., Major, D., Major-Ex, G., Sutherland, C., Motau, A., Haddaden, N., Kibria, A. S., Costanza, R., Groves, C., Behie, A., & Johnson, K. (2021). Adaptation to climate change in small coastal cities: The influence of development status on adaptation response. Ocean and Coastal Management, 211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105788
Omar, P. J., Gaur, S., Dwivedi, S. B., & Dikshit, P. K. S. (2020). A Modular Three-Dimensional Scenario-Based Numerical Modelling of Groundwater Flow. Water Resources Management, 34(6), 1913–1932. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-020-02538-z
O’Sullivan, F., Mell, I., & Clement, S. (2020). Novel Solutions or Rebranded Approaches: Evaluating the Use of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in Europe. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2020.572527
Palomo, I., Locatelli, B., Otero, I., Colloff, M., Crouzat, E., Cuni-Sanchez, A., Gómez-Baggethun, E., González-García, A., Grêt-Regamey, A., Jiménez-Aceituno, A., Martín-López, B., Pascual, U., Zafra-Calvo, N., Bruley, E., Fischborn, M., Metz, R., & Lavorel, S. (2021). Assessing nature-based solutions for transformative change. One Earth, 4(5), 730–741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.04.013
Putra Jaya, R., & Tommy Hendryarto, K. (2025). Optimization of Soil Stabilization Techniques Using Nanomaterials for Enhanced Foundation Performance. Civil Engineering Science and Technology (CEST), 1(1). https://doi.org/10.51903/0h45k090
Setyadi Tommy, A. (2025). The Use of Drones for Surveying and 3D Modeling in Construction Projects. Civil Engineering Science and Technology (CEST), 1(1). https://doi.org/10.51903/ccspb273
Sharan, A., Datta, B., & Lal, A. (2023). Integrating numerical modelling and scenario-based sensitivity analysis for saltwater intrusion management: case study of a complex heterogeneous island aquifer system. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195(5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11159-z
Sowińska-Świerkosz, B., & García, J. (2021). A new evaluation framework for nature-based solutions (NBS) projects based on the application of performance questions and indicators approach. Science of the Total Environment, 787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147615
Sowińska-Świerkosz, B., & García, J. (2022). What are Nature-based solutions (NBS)? Setting core ideas for concept clarification. Nature-Based Solutions, 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbsj.2022.100009
Wannewitz, M., Ajibade, I., Mach, K. J., Magnan, A., Petzold, J., Reckien, D., Ulibarri, N., Agopian, A., Chalastani, V. I., Hawxwell, T., Huynh, L. T. M., Kirchhoff, C. J., Miller, R., Musah-Surugu, J. I., Nagle Alverio, G., Nielsen, M., Nunbogu, A. M., Pentz, B., Reimuth, A., … Garschagen, M. (2024). Progress and gaps in climate change adaptation in coastal cities across the globe. Nature Cities, 1(9), 610–619. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44284-024-00106-9
Wijaya, N., Nitivattananon, V., Shrestha, R. P., & Kim, S. M. (2020). Drivers and benefits of integrating climate adaptation measures into urban development: Experience from coastal cities of Indonesia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020750
Wu, T. (2021). Quantifying coastal flood vulnerability for climate adaptation policy using principal component analysis. Ecological Indicators, 129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108006
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Civil Engineering Science and Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
E-ISSN 3089-6908
