Peak-Hour Road Accessibility and Healthcare Utilization at an Urban Primary Clinic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51903/vptj5n40Keywords:
Road accessibility, Health Services, peak Hour Traffic, Transportation, Travel TimeAbstract
Access to healthcare facilities is an important factor influencing healthcare utilization. Traffic congestion during peak hours may increase travel time and reduce the comfort and efficiency of reaching healthcare services. This study examined the relationship between peak-hour road accessibility and healthcare utilization decisions at the Primary Clinic of Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang. A quantitative observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach was used. The sample consisted of 55 non-emergency patients traveling during peak hours, selected through accidental sampling. Data were collected using closed questionnaires and direct traffic observations on Prof. Soedarto Street and Tirto Agung Street during morning (07:00–08:00 WIB) and afternoon (16:00–17:00 WIB) peak periods. Spearman Rank correlation was applied at a 5% significance level. Most respondents experienced moderate travel time (38.2%), while 40.0% reported never routinely using the clinic. Traffic congestion, on-street parking, and commercial activities reduced effective road capacity and increased travel time by approximately 30–40%, with peak traffic reaching 1,837 pcu/hour. However, travel time was not significantly associated with healthcare utilization decisions (p = 0.361; rho = 0.125). Nevertheless, accessibility and supporting facilities affected comfort, travel efficiency, punctuality, and arrival delays. These findings suggest that transportation barriers may affect service experience even without directly determining utilization decisions.
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